Complete PTU Syllabus for Diploma in Operation Theatre Technology (DOTT)
PTU Syllabus for Diploma in Radiology & Imaging Technology (DRIT)
PTU Syllabus for Diploma in Medical Lab Technology (DMLT)
In this article you will find complete PTU Syllabus for Diploma in Operation Theatre Technology (DOTT). PTU is one of the fastest growing Universities offering Distance Education Courses in various fields of Management, MLT, B.Sc and M.Sc.
This article will also provide you the PTU Syllabus for
This article will also provide you the PTU Syllabus for
PTU Syllabus for Diploma in Radiology & Imaging Technology (DRIT)
PTU Syllabus for Diploma in Medical Lab Technology (DMLT)
The syllabus for the following Distance Learning Courses given below is available here
PTU Syllabus for Diploma in Operation Theatre Technology (DOTT)
Source PTU - http://www.ptu.ac.in
Please check with PTU for the final Curriculum
DISTANCE EDUCTION PROGRAMME
http://www.ptu.ac.in
PTU Syllabus
Diploma in Operation Theatre Technology
SEMESTER I
DOTT-101: Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy
1. Introduction to Anatomy & Histology, Structure of cell, epithelial tissue, muscular tissue,
nervous tissue.
2. Skeletal System, Structure of bones, types of bones, Bones of cranium, face vertebral column
upper and lower limbs, fracture of bones, various movements of joints.
3. Muscular System, Structure and types of muscles in human body, important muscles and their
group action.
4. Circulation System, Structure of heart, names and position of main blood vessels.
5. Lymphatic System, Lymph vessels, lymph nodes and lymphoid organs, their structure &
functions.
6. Digestive systems. Parts of gastrointestinal tract and associated glands.
7. Respiratory System. Parts of Respiratory System.
8. Urinary System. Parts of Urinary System.
9. Endocrine System. Various endocrine glands. Thyroid. Parathyroid. Adrenal glands pituitary
pancreas. Thymus and sex glands.
10. Reproductive System. Male & female Reproductive organs.
11. Skin and sense organs. Eye, Ear, Nose. Taste Buds
12. Nervous System. Parts of brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves.
Physiology
1 Blood. Composition and function of blood, haemopesis, blood coagulation. Blood groups, body
fluid.
2 Cardiovascular Systems. Circulation of blood. function of heart and blood vessels. Control of
heart rate, pulse, regulation of blood pressure, blood volume.
3 Respiratory system. Function of lungs, mechanism of breathing and exchange of gases in the
lungs, regulation of respiration, Respiration disorder like anoxia.dyspnea cyanosis etc.artificial
respiration lung function tests.
4 Digestive Systems. Digestion of food in mouth, stomach & small intestines. Absorption offood,
function of liver function tests.
5 Excretory Systems. Structure & function of kidney and urinary bladder. Mechanism of urine
formation. disorders of kidney.
6 Endocrine Glands Functions of various endocrine glands and hormones secreted by them.
7 Reproductive Systems. Physiology & female reproductive organs.
8 Nervousd System.Neurone & its function, function of central nervous system, Autonomies
nervous system , physiology of vision, hearing & olfaction.
PRACTICAL: Identification of bones & other organs of the body and viva voce as per theory syllabus.
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SEMESTER I
DOTT-102: Pathology & Microbiology
Pathology
CHAPTER 1:
CELL INJURY AND ADAPTATION: Causes of cell injury. Mechanism of cellinjury,ishaemic & hypoxic
injury, chemical injury ,reversible injury,nercosis ,cellular adaptation of growth & differentiation
atrophy,hypertrophy,metaplasia,hyperplasia,classification of tumors ,premalignant lesion,diagniosis of
cancer.
CHAPTER 2:
ACUTE AND CHRONIC INFLAMATION Acute vascular changes.phagocytosts
Chemical mediators of inflammation. Definition and causes of chronic inflammation. granulematous
inflammation, system manifestations of inflammation
CHAPTER 3:
DISORDERS OF VASCULAR FLOW AND SHOCK: Oedema, hyperemia or congestion, thrombosis, embolism.
Infarction shock, Ischemia, Over hydration, dehydration.
CHAPTER 4:
THE RESPONSE TO INFECTION Categories of infectious agents, host barriers to infection, how disease is
caused, inflammatory response to infectious agents
CHAPTER 5:
THE HAEMATOPOHTIC AND IYMPHOID SYSTEM: Haemorrhage.various type of
Anaemia,leakopenia,leakoeytosis,bleeding disorders coagulation mechanism ,maintenance of blood
volume. Abnormalities of ph of blood.
Microbiology
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MICROBIOLOGY: Discovery of micro organisms. Classification and
general characteristics of microorganisms, nutritional requirements of Micro-organisms.
CHAPTER 2: PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIAI CONTROL: Sterilization, importance of sterilization in OT
techniques various methods-physical UV radiation, alcohols and heavy metals, Autoclave structure
functioning control and indicators.
CHAPTER 3: IMMUNOLOGY: Antigen-antibody reaction anaphylaxis hypersensitivity
CHAPTER 4: VIROLOGY Imp disease caused by different viruses of mode of infection
SEMESTER I
DOTT-103: Surgical Equipment and Machinery
CHAPTER 1:
Armamentarium: Cox and storing in O.T, Sterlization and disinfections
CHAPTER 2: GENERAL SURGICAL PRINCIPLES AND INSTRUMENTS The surgical patient, operation
room technique .
CHAPTER 3 :
INSTRUMENTS USED FOR PREPAIRING SURGICAL
Cheatles forceps,rampely,s sponge holding forceps mayo’s towel chip,esmach’s bandage, Simple
tourniquet, pneumatic tourniquet
CHAPTER 4 :
INCISION MAKING METHOD AND INSTRUMENTS : Bard parker knife handle, major abdominal incision,
artery forceps and their types instruments used in homeostasis, Kocher’s forceps, electric cautery.
CHAPTER 5:
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RETRACTORS: Single hook retractors , Czerny’s retractor, s, nerve hook retractors, Morris retractors,
deaver’s, retractors.
CHAPTER 6 :
WOUND MANAGEMENT Seissors and its types sucking material and techniques,disinfectants and
irritants, dressing procedures ,different types of bandages, surgical needle & needle holders, various
types of suture material
PRACTICAL :
Identification & Demonstration of working of the equipment and viva voce as per theory syllabus.
SEMESTER I
DOTT-104: Anesthesia Equipment & Drugs
Anesthesia Equipment
1 Boyle’s Machine & it’s functioning
2 Boyle’s vaporizer
3 Magill’s breathing circuit, Bains breathing circuit, pediatrics anesthesia circuit
4 Gas cylinders and flow meters
5 Carbon dioxide absorption contester
6 Suction apparatus-foot operated, electrically operated
7 Ambubag laryngoscope hndotracheatubes
8 Catheters,face masks, venti mask
Drugs
1 General Principles – Pharmacological classification of drugs. Route of drug administration,
precautions in administration, principles of drug toxicity, prevention and treatment of poisoning
adverse drug reaction
2 Sedatives & Hypnoties-Barbutrates morphine and others
3 Important groups of drugs, N Saids , ibuprofen, aspirin, antimicrobial agents anti allergy drugs , anti
diuretics
4 Pre-anesthetic mediation
5 Local Anesthetic agents
6 Spinal Anesthetic agents
7 General Anesthetic agents
PRACTICAL:
Identification & demonstration of the working of equipments & viva voce as per theory syllabus
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SEMESTER I
DOTT-105: Communication & Soft Skills
UNIT I
Essentials of Grammar:
• Parts of Speech
• Punctuation
• Vocabulary Building
• Phonetics
UNIT II
Office Management:
• Types of Correspondence
• Receipt and Dispatch of Mail
• Filing Systems
• Classification of Mail.
• Role & Function of Correspondence
• MIS
• Managing Computer
UNIT III
Letter & Resume Writing:
• Types of Letters-Formal / Informal
• Importance and Function
• Drafting the Applications
• Elements of Structure
• Preparing the Resume
• Do’s & Don’ts of Resume
• Helpful Hints
UNIT IV
Presentation Skills:
• Importance of Presentation Skills
• Capturing Data
• Voice & Picture Integration
• Guidelines to make Presentation Interesting
• Body Language
• Voice Modulation
• Audience Awareness
• Presentation Plan
• Visual Aids
• Forms of Layout
• Styles of Presentation.
UNIT V
Interview Preparation:
• Types of Interview
• Preparing for the Interviews
• Attending the Interview
• Interview Process
• Employers Expectations
• General Etiquette
• Dressing Sense
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• Postures & Gestures
UNIT VI
Group Discussion & Presentation:
• Definition
• Process
• Guidelines
• Helpful Expressions
• Evaluation
(Note: Every student shall be given 15 minutes. of presentation time & 45 minutes of discussion
on his/ her presentation.)
The student will be evaluated on the basis of :
􀂄 his / her presentation style
􀂄 Feedback of Faculty & Students
􀂄 General Etiquette
􀂄 Proficiency in Letter Drafting / Interview Preparation
􀂄 The paper is internal and at least 3 tests will be taken. Best 2 of 3 shall account for
final grades (70% Test & 30% Presentation)
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SEMESTER I
DOTT-106: Introductory Biology
Unit I
Living World
Biology & Its Branches; relationships with other sciences; scientific methods in Biology;
historical breakthroughs; scope of biology and career options; role of Biology in dispelling
myths and misbelieves; characters of living organisms, (elementary idea of metabolism,
transfer of energy at molecular level, open and closed systems, omoeostasis, growth and
reproduction, adaptation, survival, death).
Origin and evolution of life - theories of evolution; evidence of evolution; sources of variations
( mutation, recombination, genetic drift, migration, natural selection); concept of species;
specification and isolation (geographical and reproductive); origin of species.
Unit II
Diversity of Life
Variety of living organisms, Systematic; need, history and types of classification (artificial,
natural, polygenetic); biosystematics; binomial nomenclature; Two kingdom system, Five
kingdom System, their merits and demerits, status of bacteria and virus; botanical gardens and
herbia; zoological parks and museums.
Unit III
Cell and Cell Division
Cell as a basic unit of life - discovery of cell, cell theory, cell as a self - contained unit;
procaryotic and eukaryotic cell; unicellular and multicellular organisms; tools and techniques (
compound microscope, electron microscope and cell fractionation); Ultrastructure of
prokaryoytic and eukaryotic cell - cell wall, cell membrane - unit membrane concept (flauid
mosaic model); membrane transport; cellular movement (exocytosis, endocytosis); cell
organelles and their functions
- nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, endoplamasic reticulum, Gogli complex, lysosomes,
lysosomes, microtubules, centriole, vacuole, cytoskeleton,
cilia and flagella, ribosomes.
Molecules of cell; inorganic and organic materials - water, salt, mineral ions, carbohydrates,
lipids, amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, nycleic acids (DNA and RNA);
Enzymes (Properties, chemical nature and mechanism of action); vitamins, hormones and
steroids.
Unit IV
Genetics
Continuity of life - heredity, variation; mendel's laws of inheritance, chromosomal basis of
inheritance; other patterns of inheritance - incomplete dominance, multiple allelism,
quantitative inheritance.
Chromosomes - bacterial cell and eukaryotic cell; parallelism between genes and
chromosomes; genome, linkage and crossing over; gene mapping; recombination; sex
chromosomes; sex determination; sex linked inheritance; mutation and chromosomal
aberrations; Human genetics - methods of study, genetic disorders.
DNA as a genetic material - its structure and repliaction; structure of RNA and its role in
protein synthesis; Gene expression - transcription and translation in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes; regulation of gene expression, induction and repression - housekeeping genes;
nuclear basis of differentiation and development; oncoenes.
Basics of Recombinant DNA technolgy; cloning; gene bank; DNA fingerprinting; genomics -
principles and applications, transgenic plants, animals and microbes.
Unit V
Morphology of Plants and Animals
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Morphology - root, stem and leaf, their sturucture and modification; Inflorescence, flower,
fruit, seed and their types;Description of Poaceae, Liliaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae,
Brassicaceae and Asteraceae.
Morphology of animals - salient features of earthworm, cockroach and rat; tissue systems,
structure and function of tissues - epithelial, connective, muscular and nervious.
Practical
1. Study of parts of Compound Microsope
2. Study of mitosis in onion root tip and animal cell (grasshopper)
3. Study of meiosis in onion flower buds, and testis iof grasshopper.
4. Study of cyclosis in leaf cell of Hydrilla, or Tradescantia and in Paramoecium.
5. Study of cell wall components ( cellulose, lignin, suberin and mucilage).
6. Study of mitochondria by staining with a Janus Green.
7. Study of specimens and their identification with reason - Bacteria, Oscillator, Spirogyra, Rhizopus,
mushroom/braket fungi, yeast, liverwort, moss, fern, Pinus, one monocotyledon, one dicotyledon and
lichens.
8. Study of characters of specimens and identification with reason - Amoeba, Hydra, Liver - Fluke,
Ascaris, Leech, Earthworm, Prwen, Silk moth honey bee, snail, Starfish, Dogfish, Rohu, Frog, Lizards,
Pigeon/ any other bird and rabbit/ any other mammal.
9. Study of squamous epithelium, muscle fibres, nerve cells and mammalian blood film through
temporary/permanent slides.
10. Study of external morphology of earthworm, cocroach, from and rat through models.
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SEMESTER I
DOTT-107 Practical
Anatomy & Physiology: 15 Marks
Pathology & Microbiology: 15 Marks
Surgical Equipments & Machinery: 15 Marks
Anesthesia equipments and Drugs: 15 Marks
Introductory Biology: 15 Marks
Internal Assessment : 25 Marks
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SEMESTER II
DOTT-201: Medicine
CHAPTER 1: HISTORY TAKING AND SYMPTOMALOGY OF VARIOUS DISEASES.FEVER, polyuria, heart,
burns, vomiting ,diarrhea, jaundice, epistaxis,
Chapter 2: ABDOMEN Hepatomegaly, spleenomegaly, ascitis, cirrhosis, hepatitis, malaria, typhoid,
aids.
CHAPTER 3 DISORDERS OF CICULATORY AND RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM Pleural effusion, pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumonia, dyspnoea, asphyxia, hypoxia, cardiac
failure, pericardial effusion, congential heart diseases, cyanosis, hypertension, cardiac monitors,
defibrillator.
CHAPTER 4 DISORDER OF NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
Hemiplagia,periplagia,paralysis,Parkinson,s disease ,coma,diabetes,Addison ,s disease,
hyperthyroidism.
CHAPTER 5 MEDICAL EMERGENCIES : Cardiac arrest, bronchial asthama,respiratory failure, acute
gastroenteritis,meningitis,renal colic,hypoglycemia,acuter poisoning.
CHAPTER 6 PREVENTIVE ASPECTS OF MEDICINE: Concept of health, preventive medicine, social
Medicine, public health, epidemiology of infectitiuous diseases, methods of prevention and control of
infestations diseases.
PRACTICAL: Demonstrating the use of medical equipment and viva voce as per theory syllabus.
SEMESTER II
DOTT-202: SURGERY
CHAPTER 1 Introduction of surgery and basic principles of surgery ,basic principles of surgery.
CHAPTER 2 : Tumors, benign and malignant ,cysts, ulcers, sinuses, fistula , differential diagnosis of
cyst and tumor.
CHAPTER 3 : FRACTURES AND DISLOCATION – Classification of fracture, management, fixation,
reduction, Immobilization, principles of closed reduction, artificial prosthesis.
CHAPTER 4 COMPARATIVE AND SURGICAL ANATOMYInvestigation
of breast, benign disease, carcinoma of breasts, treatment of carcinoma of breast,
mastectomy.
CHAPTER 5 : - HEAD INJURY –Common manifestation, management of patient, surgical interventions.
CHAPTER 6 : Cleft lip & palatc,acute appendicitis, urethral strictures.
CHAPTER 7 : DIFFERENT SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS: Instruments used in major surgical operation
including Biliary ,Tract Surgery, anorectal surgery ,urological surgery, ovthopcedic surgery instruments,
plastic surgery instruments
PRACTICAL : Demonstrating the use of medical equipment and viva vocae as per theory syllabus.
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SEMESTER II
DOTT-203: OBOTETRICS & GYNERACOLOGY
OBOTETERICS : Pregnancy, normal delivery, Forceps Delivery, episiotomy, caesarian delivery, Twin
pregnancy birth control methods, Medical termination of pregnancy.
GYNAECOLOGY : Anatomy of female sex organs ,gynecological examination and diagonosis, diseases of
vulva, diseases of vagina, S.T.D in female, disorders of menstruation. Prolapsed uterus, Fibromyomas
of uterus, endometriosis, various ovarian tumors, gynae examination instruments speculum &
dialators, instruments of common gynecological and obstetrics procedures or surgery.
PRACTICAL : Identification of Instrument and viva voce as per theory syllabus.
SEMESTER II
DOTT-204: EYE & E.N.T.
EYE
CHAPTER 1: INSTURMENTS USED FOR EXAMINATION OF EYE,
DESMASEL,S EYE LID : retractor, ophthalmic loop, ophthalmoscope and anatomy of eye.
CHAPTER 2 : Clinical methods in ophthalmology ,history taking ,ocular examination & diagnostic test,
snell’s formulae, tonometry, direct opthoalmoscopy.
CHAPTER 3 : Various eye diseases ,diseases of conjunctiva, trachoma, diseases of cornea, ulcerative
keratitis, scleritis, diseases of lens, cataract glaucoma, retinal detachment, intraocular lens
implementation for cataract.
ENT
CHAPTER 1: EAR: Anatomy of the ear, diseases of middle ear, Ramasay hunt syndrome, ear of mastoid
surgery, parotid surgery & trauma to face, tumors of external car, auricle, middle ear, and
rehabilitation of hearing impaired.
CHAPTER 2 : NOSE: Anatomy of nose, nasal septum & its diseases ,acute & chronic rhinits, nasal
polyps,epistaxis,fracture of nasal septum,
CHAPTER 3 : THROAT: Anatomy of throat, diseases of larynx, tracheotomy:- types, steps of
operation, post operative care.
CHAPTER 4 : Instruments used in operation in Ear, Nose & Throat.
PRACTICAL : Demonstration the use of medical equipment and viva voce as per theory syllabus.
SEMESTER II
DOTT-205: PRACTICAL
Medicine : 15 Marks
Surgery : 30 Marks
Obtetrics & Gyneacology : 15 Marks
EYE & ENT : 15 Marks
Internal Assessment: 25 Marks
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Diploma in Radiology & Imaging Technology
SEMESTER I
DRIT-101: Anatomy and Physiology & Related Pathology
Theory
Introduction to Radiology & Radiology Services.
Structure of the Body-cell-tissues.
Musculo-Skeletal System
• Skull-cerebral columns-shoulder girdle, Bones of upper extremities – Bones of Lower extremities, gornit muscles,
pelvis girdle, thoracic Cage & Bony joints.
Cardiovascular System
• Heart, Blood, Arteries, Veins
Lymphatic System
• Circulation of Lymph, Lymph glands, Thoric duct.
Digestive System
• Mouth - oesophagus – stomach – small intestine – large intestine – spleen, liver Gall Bladder – Pancreas.
Respiratory System
• Nose & Larynx, Trachea – Lungs
Nervous System:
• Brain – Meanings – Ventricles – Spinal cord and nerves
Reproductive System:
• Female & Male Organs
Urinary System
• Kidney – Uterus – Bladders, Prostate
Skin
• Structure and its function
Endocrine System
• Pituitary glands – Pennel gland – Thymus gland – Thyroid and parathyroid gland Supra-renal glands
Eye
• Structure and its function
Ear
• Structure and its functions, surface anatomy
Practical:
• Introduction of the various parts and structure in human body on charts and models.
• Identification of Bones and skeleton
• Surface making of human body
• Identification of bones & parts on X ray films
• Visit to pathology museum for identification common pathology lesions
• Visit to antomy museum for identification of various parts of the human body.
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SEMESTER I
DRIT-102: General and Radiation Physics
Theory
Heat and methods of transference of heat, Condensers, Inductance of Impendence.
Electromagnetic Induction – laws , fields, influence
Transformer- Principal Construction and Losses of Step Down and High Tension Transformers
Diode valves and its use as rectifiers, solid- state rectifiers, its various rectifying circuits using X- ray machines.
Production of x-rays and its properties, X-ray tube- stationery anode anode and rotating anode & therapy tubes. X-ray
circuit, interlocking circuits, relays and timers
Various units used for measuring radiation roentgen, rad and rem.
Ionisation chambers, G.M. counter and scintillation counter, interaction of x-rays with matter. (photo electric, comptron and
pair production)
Quality and qualitity of X-rays, HVT, linear absorption, coeffienct, Gird cones, filters, cylindersm L.B.D. F.F>D, focal spot size
etc.
Inverse square law, scattered radiations and appliances used to reduce it.
Radioactivity: curie, half life, decay factor, Details about radium, cablt caesium, doses- dose and dose rate, exposure dose,
exit dose surface dose, depth dose, isodoes charts and their uses.
Raditiation hazards protection against it, film badge pocket ionization chamber, maximum permissible does.
Gama X-ray film, X-ray tube caliberation, solrization, sensitometer and densitometer, radiation protection devices- Lead
shield, lead chair, lead apron, lead goggles, Thyroid and gonad shield, lead gloves etc.
Practical
• Verification of inverse square law
• Calibration of x-rays machines
• To check the lead apron for any crack
• Find out whether the glass in the screen is lead glass or ordinary glass
• study the characteristic curve of a diode value
• To survey the X-ray control for radiation
• Demonstrate that the intensifying effect of X-ray intensifying screen is due to light produced by fluorescent and
not due to the x-ray
• Demonstrate the use of Gird/ potter-bucky diaphragm and radiographic contrast
• Verification of optical and radiation field coincidence
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SEMESTER I
DRIT-103: Dark Room Techniques
Theory
Photographic Process
• Light image- image produce by radiation- light sensitive material – Latent image formation
Film materials
• The structure of X-ray films resolving power, orthochromatic and panchromatic filsm grains of film- sensitivity of
film contrast of films
X-ray Films Storage
• Storage of unexposed films and protection to exposed films
Screens
• Construction of intensifying screen-choice of fluorescent materials –intensifying factors details – sharpness-speed,
screen contract-care of intensifying screen & rate earh screens.
Cassettes
• Cassettes designs- care of cassette- mounting of intensifying screen in the cassette. Various types of cassettes,
definition, structure of cassettes
Factors affecting the developer
• Types of developer and fixer- factors affecting the use of fixer.
• Silver recovery methods. Components of PQ & MQ developer and fixers, replenisher etc.
Film rising and washing and drying, Intermediate rinse- washing and drying
Film processing and equipment
• Manual and automatic processing method
Dark Room Design
• Outlay and material used. Entrance, Safelight Ventilation, Construction of wall dry bench & wet bench etc.
The Radiographic Image
• The sharpness, contrast, details definition, viewing conditions.
Miscellaneous
• Trimming, identification of films legends-records filling- report distribution
Film Artefacts
• Photographic and radiation artifacts.
Factors affecting the quality control of a radiograph
Practical
Dark room:
• How the dark room light be tested for safety
• How intensifying screen be tested for uniform contact?
• How intensifying screen be tested for uniform contact?
• To prepare the developer and fixer
• Load unload and processing of X-rays film.
• Overdeveloped film reduction.
• Screen after glow test
• Manual and digital subtraction techniques
• Formation of duplicate and negative radiograph.
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SEMESTER I
DRIT-104: Introductory Biology
Unit I
Living World
Biology & Its Branches; relationships with other sciences; scientific methods in Biology;
historical breakthroughs; scope of biology and career options; role of Biology in dispelling
myths and misbelieves; characters of living organisms, (elementary idea of metabolism,
transfer of energy at molecular level, open and closed systems, omoeostasis, growth and
reproduction, adaptation, survival, death).
Origin and evolution of life - theories of evolution; evidence of evolution; sources of variations
( mutation, recombination, genetic drift, migration, natural selection); concept of species;
specification and isolation (geographical and reproductive); origin of species.
Unit II
Diversity of Life
Variety of living organisms, Systematic; need, history and types of classification (artificial,
natural, polygenetic); biosystematics; binomial nomenclature; Two kingdom system, Five
kingdom System, their merits and demerits, status of bacteria and virus; botanical gardens and
herbia; zoological parks and museums.
Unit III
Cell and Cell Division
Cell as a basic unit of life - discovery of cell, cell theory, cell as a self - contained unit;
procaryotic and eukaryotic cell; unicellular and multicellular organisms; tools and techniques (
compound microscope, electron microscope and cell fractionation); Ultrastructure of
prokaryoytic and eukaryotic cell - cell wall, cell membrane - unit membrane concept (flauid
mosaic model); membrane transport; cellular movement (exocytosis, endocytosis); cell
organelles and their functions
- nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, endoplamasic reticulum, Gogli complex, lysosomes,
lysosomes, microtubules, centriole, vacuole, cytoskeleton,
cilia and flagella, ribosomes.
Molecules of cell; inorganic and organic materials - water, salt, mineral ions, carbohydrates,
lipids, amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, nycleic acids (DNA and RNA);
Enzymes (Properties, chemical nature and mechanism of action); vitamins, hormones and
steroids.
Unit IV
Genetics
Continuity of life - heredity, variation; mendel's laws of inheritance, chromosomal basis of
inheritance; other patterns of inheritance - incomplete dominance, multiple allelism,
quantitative inheritance.
Chromosomes - bacterial cell and eukaryotic cell; parallelism between genes and
chromosomes; genome, linkage and crossing over; gene mapping; recombination; sex
chromosomes; sex determination; sex linked inheritance; mutation and chromosomal
aberrations; Human genetics - methods of study, genetic disorders.
DNA as a genetic material - its structure and repliaction; structure of RNA and its role in
protein synthesis; Gene expression - transcription and translation in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes; regulation of gene expression, induction and repression - housekeeping genes;
nuclear basis of differentiation and development; oncoenes.
Basics of Recombinant DNA technolgy; cloning; gene bank; DNA fingerprinting; genomics -
principles and applications, transgenic plants, animals and microbes.
Unit V
Morphology of Plants and Animals
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Morphology - root, stem and leaf, their sturucture and modification; Inflorescence, flower,
fruit, seed and their types;Description of Poaceae, Liliaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae,
Brassicaceae and Asteraceae.
Morphology of animals - salient features of earthworm, cockroach and rat; tissue systems,
structure and function of tissues - epithelial, connective, muscular and nervious.
Practical
1. Study of parts of Compound Microsope
2. Study of mitosis in onion root tip and animal cell (grasshopper)
3. Study of meiosis in onion flower buds, and testis iof grasshopper.
4. Study of cyclosis in leaf cell of Hydrilla, or Tradescantia and in Paramoecium.
5. Study of cell wall components ( cellulose, lignin, suberin and mucilage).
6. Study of mitochondria by staining with a Janus Green.
7. Study of specimens and their identification with reason - Bacteria, Oscillator, Spirogyra, Rhizopus,
mushroom/bracket fungi, yeast, liverwort, moss, fern, Pinus, one monocotyledon, one dicotyledon and
lichens.
8. Study of characters of specimens and identification with reason - Amoeba, Hydra, Liver - Fluke,
Ascaris, Leech, Earthworm, Prawn, Silk moth honey bee, snail, Starfish, Dogfish, Rohu, Frog, Lizards,
Pigeon/ any other bird and rabbit/ any other mammal.
9. Study of squamous epithelium, muscle fibres, nerve cells and mammalian blood film through
temporary/permanent slides.
10. Study of external morphology of earthworm, cockroach, from and rat through models.
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SEMESTER I
DRIT-105: Communication & Soft Skills
UNIT I
Essentials of Grammar:
• Parts of Speech
• Punctuation
• Vocabulary Building
• Phonetics
UNIT II
Office Management:
• Types of Correspondence
• Receipt and Dispatch of Mail
• Filing Systems
• Classification of Mail.
• Role & Function of Correspondence
• MIS
• Managing Computer
UNIT III
Letter & Resume Writing:
• Types of Letters-Formal / Informal
• Importance and Function
• Drafting the Applications
• Elements of Structure
• Preparing the Resume
• Do’s & Don’ts of Resume
• Helpful Hints
UNIT IV
Presentation Skills:
• Importance of Presentation Skills
• Capturing Data
• Voice & Picture Integration
• Guidelines to make Presentation Interesting
• Body Language
• Voice Modulation
• Audience Awareness
• Presentation Plan
• Visual Aids
• Forms of Layout
• Styles of Presentation.
UNIT V
Interview Preparation:
• Types of Interview
• Preparing for the Interviews
• Attending the Interview
• Interview Process
• Employers Expectations
• General Etiquette
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• Dressing Sense
• Postures & Gestures
UNIT VI
Group Discussion & Presentation:
• Definition
• Process
• Guidelines
• Helpful Expressions
• Evaluation
(Note: Every student shall be given 15 minutes. of presentation time & 45 minutes of discussion
on his/ her presentation.)
The student will be evaluated on the basis of :
􀂄 his / her presentation style
􀂄 Feedback of Faculty & Students
􀂄 General Etiquette
􀂄 Proficiency in Letter Drafting / Interview Preparation
􀂄 The paper is internal and at least 3 tests will be taken. Best 2 of 3 shall account for
final grades (70% Test & 30% Presentation)
SEMESTER I
DRIT-106: Practical
Anatomy and Physiology & Related Pathology : 20 marks
General and Radiation Physics : 20 marks
Dark Room Techniques : 20 marks
Introductory Biology : 15 marks
Internal Assessment: 25 Marks
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SEMESTER II
DRIT-201: General Radiology
Theory
Upper Limb:
• Finger individual and as a whole hands- carpal tunnel- writs fore-elbow- head of radius- humerus
shoulder joint- acrtomie clavicular- scapula dlavicular joint.
Lower Limb:
• Toes-foot- calcaneum- ankle joint- leg knees- patella- femur- inter condylar notch.
Hip & Pelivs:
• Hip-neck of femur- theature procedure- for hip pinnig of reduction- pelvis saros iliac joints- public
bones- acetablum- sp.p. nailing and platting.
Vertebral column:
• Curves- postures- relative levls- atlanto occipital region- odontoid process, cervical spine- cervicothoracic
spine- thorace- lumber spine- lumbo-sacral spin- sacrum coccyx, scoliosis- kyphosis –
Flexion and extension – Lordiosism abduction and adduction etc.
Bones and the Throax:
• Sterum- Ribs, elavicles.
Skull:
• Land marks, plans- cranium- facial bones, maxilla Mandible- Zygomatic – T.M. Joints, mastoidspetrous
bones- Optic foremen- sella trunica – P.N.S. styloids process, juglar foremen. Internal
auditory canal, base of skull, C.V. junction- Orbits.
Chest:
• Chest in teleraography- Chest spine & portable, Erect and decubits view & apicogram, odelka
camera or minature chest radiography
Abdomen:
• Preparation, indication and contra- indication acute abdomen – pregnancy abdomen for
multiplicity maturity and foetal abnormality, abdomen supine and erect decubities study.
Soft tissue radiography:
• Neck & Breast etc.
Dental radiography:
• Dental X-ray of maxillary and mandibular teeth, occulusal- view of maxilla, madnible and nasal
bones, panromax, cephalometery. Infantogram and invertogram
Practical
Taking X-ray of all the parts of the human body as the theory syllabus
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SEMESTER II
DRIT-202: Special Investigation Radiology
Theory
General pathology in radiation therapy:
Pathology:
• Defination, cell growth – cell deformities – cell damage- defence mechanism cell repair.
Neoplasia:
• Bengin & malignant including its mode of growth and metastasis.
Causes of Disease:
• Congential – traumatic- metabolic and deficiency – infection (micro- organism) immunization.
Bloods diseases:
• Leukaemias, Anaemias
Radiotherapy:
• Radiation treatment- methods – external radiation, use and application of radiation
Radiotherapy techniques for:
• Skin disease , Disease in system: respiratory, alimentary, urinary reproductive (including Brest
nedorcine, nervous)
Special procedural and related contrast media, Contrast Media,
Emergencies in radiology department
Urinary tract: I.V.P. Retograde pyelograpy- cystourtherography
Billiary tract:
• Oral cheloecystograph- trnas heptic percutaneous cholanigraphy, pre-operative cholangiography,
T-tube cholangiography. E.R.C.P.
Gastronitnestial tract:
• Ba.. swallow- Ba.. meal, upper GIT Ba. Meal following through B.a enema. Ba double contrast
enema
Female genital tract:
• Hystro salpingography and pelvimetry
Angiography:
• cariotid angiography, femoral arteriography, aortography, selective angiograpy, cardiac
catherization.
CNS:
• Ventriculography, Myelography,Pheumoencephalography & Shuntography
Tomography:
• Principal, Equipment and types of movement in tomography
Venography:
• Splenoprotovenography & Superior venography, Lymphanhgiography
Mammography
Radioculography, Dacrocystography, Sialography, Sinography, Nasopharyngography, Laryngography
Bronchography, Arthography, Discography,
Introduction to Ultrasonography, Computerised tomography, scanning and magnetic resonance Imaging
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Radiography-Special investigation & Radiography
Practical
Radiography-Special investigation & radiotheraphy:
Radiography in various positions for all the special radiological procedures using cantrast media, as per
the syallbus
Positioning and treatment of various Cancer patients using
(a) Prescribed filters/Wedges
(b) protecting various organs
Prepration of Radium/ Cobalt applicator/ mould etc.
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SEMESTER II
DRIT-203: Electrocardiography & Techniques
Theory
Introduction:
• Introductio to Electrocardiography;History;psychological basis of E.C.G; conuction Velocity;
Electrophysiology Central termical of Wilson
Activation;Vector Cencept
Normal Electrogram:
• Atrial complexex ; P-R interval; QRS Complex; S.T Segment; T-Wavw; U-Wave; Q-T interval;
Electrical Axis; Heart Position; Interpretation of an ECG; How to record and ECG etc.
Abnormal Electrocardiogram:
• Abnormal P-Wave Interventricular Conduction Defects, RBBB, LBBB, Incomplete LBBB,
LAHB,LPPHB; Non-specific Interventricular Condition Defects, Bilateral Bundle, Branch Block,
Trifasicular Blocks WPW Syndrome; Lawn-ganong-Levine Syndrome;Mahim by
Pass;Hypertrophy;Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH); Pulmonary embolism;Chronic Obstructive
lung Disease (COLD),Biventricular Hypertrophy;Overload Concept;Diastolic Overload(volume
overload) etc.
Coronary artery disease:
• Ischaemial Injury, infraction, subtle, atypical, non-specific Patterns: ocnductoin defecs and
infraction; localisation of infraction: vpm and acute myocardial infraction; artial infraction; VCG in
myocardial infraction; atrial infraction; VCG in myocardial infraction, coronary insufficiency etc.
Exercise test:
• Type of exercise test ; termination exercise; exercise protocols in tredmill testing; escalation of
exercise test results; preparation of patient for exercise testing etc.
Drugs and electrolytes:
• Digitalis; potassium; Hypokalemia; calcium; quinidine effect; phenothiazines; Anthracylines;
cerebrovascular accidents; hypothermia; pericarditis ; myocarditis; neuromuscular diseases; heart
trauma; malignancy involving heart; electrical alternans; negative U0vaves; liquid protein diet;
anaemia etc;
Disorders of cardiac- rhythm:
• Distribuance of impulse formation; distribance of impulse conduction; secondary disorders of
rhythm; physiology of cardiac rhythm; Automaticity; conductivity; A-V nodes; sinus rhythm; sinus
tachycardia; sinus bradycardia; sinus arrhythmia; sino atrial block; partial Sa block; complete SA
block; causes of Exit block; atrial extrasystoles; Blocked atrial premature beats; cause of Atrial
tachycardia (PAT); Chaotic Atrial Rhythm; Atrial flutter; Atrial fibrillation; Superventicular
techncardias (SVt); ventricular rhythm; ventricular tachy-cardia (VT) ventricular fibrillation;
paraarrhythamias; parasystole; group beating ; AV-Disoocation; torsade de points ; sick sinus
syndrome etc.
ECG as a clue to clinical diagnosis:
• Pulmonary stenoriss tricuspid atresia; atrial spetal defect; ventricular septal defect; ebstein
anomaly; corrected trtransporation of great vessel; mirror image dextrocarida; anomalous brigin
of left coronaro artery; Rheumatic fever: mitrial value prolapse; athetetes heart; cardiac pacing
etc.
Practical:
Use of electro-cardiogram machine and recording etc as per the syllabus
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SEMESTER II
DRIT-204: Advanced Diagnostic Techniques
Ultrasound Scanning
Principles
Display of Images, Modes
Doppler Ultrasound
Duplex Ultrasound
Endosonography
Mammography
Equipment
Positioning & Projections
Xero – Radiography
Scintigraphy
Radio nucleids
Equipment
Examination Procedure
Patient Preparation and Position
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Principles
Equipment
MR Signal
Image Characteristics
Pulse Sequences
Advantage & Precautions
SEMESTER II
DRIT-205: Practical
General Radiology - 20 Marks
Special Investigation Radiology - 20 Marks
Electrocardiography & Techniques - 20 Marks
Advanced Diagnostic Techniques - 15 Marks
Internal Assessment: 25 Marks
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1 comment:
Thanks for post!!!!Very informative post about all paramedical courses.Now-a-days Diploma in Medical Lab Technology has very good opportunity.
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